生長(zhǎng)豬體內(nèi)腸細(xì)胞分化的調(diào)節(jié)有賴(lài)于日糧中纖維的來(lái)源

2017-7-5 09:13| 發(fā)布者: 畜牧編輯| 查看: 1324| 評(píng)論: 0|原作者: 畜牧編輯

　　2017. J. Anim. Sci. 95(3): 1179-1190

　　生長(zhǎng)豬體內(nèi)腸細(xì)胞分化的調(diào)節(jié)有賴(lài)于日糧中纖維的來(lái)源
　　M. Saqui-Salces , Z. Huang, M. FerrandisVila, J. Li, J. A. Mielke, P. E. Urriola and G. C. Shurson

　　飼喂高纖維日糧降低了成本，但也會(huì)通過(guò)改變腸道形態(tài)和功能進(jìn)而降低熱量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)效率。本試驗(yàn)中我們分析了在不同來(lái)源纖維的誘導(dǎo)下腸細(xì)胞組成、營(yíng)養(yǎng)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)載體、受體和細(xì)胞分化的變化。將46頭肥豬（初始重84±7kg）分別飼喂以下四種日糧中的一種：玉米-豆粕（對(duì)照組；n = 12）、23%麥稈（WS；n = 11）、55%帶可溶物的玉米干酒糟（DDGS；n = 11）和30%豆粕（SBH；n = 12）。試驗(yàn)豬置于代謝籠中飼養(yǎng)14天，每天飼喂兩次，日飼喂量相當(dāng)于初始重的2.5%。豬安樂(lè)死后將其回腸收集起來(lái)進(jìn)行組織學(xué)和基因表達(dá)分析。數(shù)據(jù)分析采用Kruskal–Wallis檢驗(yàn)，然后進(jìn)行鄧肯多重比較，

　　當(dāng)P值小于0.05時(shí)認(rèn)為是差異顯著。通過(guò)飼喂SBH日糧腸上皮細(xì)胞標(biāo)記物相較對(duì)照組和WS組有所增加（P < 0.03）。飼喂WS和DDGS的育肥豬相較對(duì)照組其杯狀細(xì)胞更多（P < 0.01），且WS組與SBH組相比豬體內(nèi)的杯狀細(xì)胞也較多（P = 0.02）。DDGS和SBH組豬體內(nèi)Mucin 2 基因的表達(dá)量相較對(duì)照組更高（P < 0.05）。對(duì)于內(nèi)分泌細(xì)胞和旁氏細(xì)胞標(biāo)記物、絨毛高度和隱窩深度或增值指數(shù)并沒(méi)有觀(guān)測(cè)到變化。與對(duì)照組相比，通過(guò)飼喂WS和DDGS日糧，豬體內(nèi)針對(duì)寡肽、鈣、葡萄糖和果糖的受體、游離脂肪酸受體1、G蛋白偶聯(lián)受體119與84的基因表達(dá)量都有所提高（P < 0.05）。相較WS和DDGS組，飼喂SBH日糧抑制了鮮味受體的表達(dá)（P < 0.005），而與對(duì)照組相比，飼喂DDGS也抑制了鮮味受體的表達(dá)（P = 0.02）。飼喂DDGS引起豬體內(nèi)脂肪酸受體2表達(dá)量的降低（P < 0.001），而與WS和DDGS組相比，飼喂SBH日糧的豬表現(xiàn)出脂肪酸轉(zhuǎn)位酶表達(dá)量的增加（P < 0.05）。飼喂WS和DDGS日糧誘導(dǎo)了干細(xì)胞標(biāo)記物r-脊椎蛋白受體（LGR5）的表達(dá)（P < 0.01），而與對(duì)照組相比飼喂DDGS使得嗅介蛋白 4的表達(dá)量有所降低（P< 0.02）。與對(duì)照組相比δ狀缺口配體4的表達(dá)受到所有來(lái)源纖維的誘導(dǎo)（P < 0.05）。與對(duì)照組相比，飼喂WS和DDGS會(huì)導(dǎo)致轉(zhuǎn)錄因子無(wú)調(diào)性因素1和Wnt家族3A的表達(dá)受到抑制（P< 0.001）。

　　總的來(lái)說(shuō)，飼喂含WS和DDGS的日糧會(huì)通過(guò)促進(jìn)杯狀細(xì)胞的增生和改變營(yíng)養(yǎng)受體與轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)載體的表達(dá)來(lái)調(diào)控生長(zhǎng)豬體內(nèi)腸細(xì)胞的分化，而飼喂含SBH日糧幾乎無(wú)影響。

　　Modulation of intestinal celldifferentiation in growing pigs is dependent on the fiber source in the diet

　　M. Saqui-Salces , Z. Huang, M. FerrandisVila, J. Li, J. A. Mielke, P. E. Urriola and G. C. Shurson

　　Feeding high-fiber diets decreases cost,but also caloric and nutritional efficiency by modifying intestinal morphologyand function. We analyzed the changes in intestinal cell composition, nutrienttransporters and receptors, and cell differentiation induced by fibers fromdifferent sources. Forty-six finishing pigs (BW 84 ± 7 kg) were fed 1 of 4diets: corn-soybean (Control; n = 12), 23% wheat straw (WS; n = 11), 55% corndistillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS; n = 11), and 30% soybean hulls(SBH; n = 12). Pigs were fed 2 meals daily to an amount equivalent to 2.5% ofinitial BW for 14 d in metabolism cages. Ilea were collected for histologicaland gene expression analysis after euthanasia. Data were analyzed using theKruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons and differencesconsidered significant when P < 0.05. The enterocyte marker was increased (P< 0.03) by feeding SBH compared with Control and WS diets. Goblet cellspresence was greater (P < 0.01) in pigs fed WS and DDGS compared withControl, and in pigs fed WS compared with SBH (P = 0.02). Mucin 2 expressionwas greater (P < 0.05) in pigs fed DDGS and SBH compared with Control diet.No changes were observed for endocrine and Paneth cells markers, villus andcrypt length, or proliferation index. Compared with the Control, geneexpression of receptors for oligopeptides, calcium, glucose, fructose, freefatty acid receptor 1, and G protein-coupled receptors 119 and 84 was increased(P < 0.05) by feeding WS and DDGS diets. Feeding SBH diet repressed (P <0.005) the umami receptor compared with WS and DDGS diets, while DDGS repressed(P = 0.02) its expression compared with Control. Pigs fed DDGS had reduced (P< 0.001) fatty acid receptor 2, and those fed SBH showed increased (P <0.05) fatty acid translocase expression compared with WS and DDGS pigs. FeedingWS and DDGS diets induced (P < 0.01) the expression of stem cell markerr-spondin receptor (LGR5), while olfactomedin 4 was reduced (P < 0.02) byfeeding DDGS compared with Control. The expression of delta-like Notch ligand 4was induced (P < 0.05) by all fibers compared with Control. Transcriptionfactors atonal factor 1 and Wnt family 3A were suppressed (P < 0.001) by WSand DDGS compared with Control. In conclusion, feeding diets containing WS andDDGS modulated intestinal differentiation by promoting goblet cells and alteredexpression of nutrient receptors and transporters in growing pigs, whilefeeding SBH had less effect。
翻譯：李光燃來(lái)源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇CSIS