1 順譯法：(Synchronizing)
有些英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句所敘述的事物基本上是按照時(shí)間或邏輯的順序安排的。這與漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的方法基本一致，因此翻譯一般可以按照原文順序譯出。例如：
1(1) For these forms of pollution as for all the others, (2) the destructive chain of cause and effect goes back to a prime cause: (3) too many cars, too many factories, more and more trials left by supersonic jutes, inadequate methods for disinfecting sewers, too little water, too much carbon monoxide.
這個(gè)句子是由一個(gè)主句、一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)和一個(gè)同位語(yǔ)組成的。主句是(2) 破壞的因果關(guān)系鏈可歸根于一個(gè)主要原因，也是全句的中心內(nèi)容。主句前的（1）是方式狀語(yǔ)，（3）是主句的同位語(yǔ)。
原文各句的邏輯關(guān)系、表達(dá)順序與漢語(yǔ)完全一致，因此可以按照原文的順序翻譯。
譯文：這些形式的污染象所有其他形式的污染一樣，起破壞性的因果關(guān)系鏈可可歸根于一個(gè)主要的原因：太多的汽車、工廠、洗滌劑、殺蟲劑，越來(lái)越多的噴氣式飛機(jī)留下的尾氣，不足的污水消毒處理方法，太少的水源，太多的一氧化碳。
2 （1）Fossil fuel emit another 5.2 billion metric tons of CO2 into the air each year, (2) while the burning of tropical forests emits roughly 1.8 billion metric tons of CO2-(3) both contributing to a build up of carbon dioxide (4) that will soon trigger the greenhouse effect.
在這個(gè)句子中，主句是（1），（2）是主句的并列句，（3）是同位語(yǔ)，（4）是定語(yǔ)從句。其結(jié)構(gòu)，表達(dá)習(xí)慣與漢語(yǔ)一致，因此可以按原文的順序翻譯。
譯文：另外，礦物燃料每年釋放52億公噸二氧化碳進(jìn)入大氣，同時(shí)熱帶森林的燃燒大約釋放出18億公噸二氧化碳——這兩方面都對(duì)二氧化碳的集結(jié)產(chǎn)生作用，因而會(huì)很快引發(fā)溫室效應(yīng)。
3 Although there is reason to hope that superconductivity may one day be found to exist in some materials at room temperature, for the moment is a phenomenon of the utterly cold.
譯文：雖然有理由指望有一天可以發(fā)現(xiàn)某些材料在室溫下會(huì)具有超導(dǎo)性，但目前超導(dǎo)性還只是一種極不熱門的現(xiàn)象。
有時(shí)候英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)句的敘述層次與漢語(yǔ)相反，這時(shí)就須從英語(yǔ)原文的后面譯起，自上而下，逆著英語(yǔ)原文的順序翻譯。
1 (1) There is an equilibrium between the liquid and its vapor, (2) as many molecules being lost from the surface of the liquid and (3) then existing as vapor, (4) as reenter the liquid in a given time.
這個(gè)句子是由一個(gè)主句（1），定語(yǔ)從句（4）以及兩個(gè)分次獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)組成，這個(gè)句子分為四層意思（1）液體和固體之間處于平衡狀態(tài)，是主句，是全句的中心所在；（2）許多分子從液體表面逸出，成為蒸汽；（3）又有同樣多的分子重新進(jìn)入液體；（4）在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)。
2 (1) Rocket research has confirmed a strange fact (2) which had already been suspected, (3) there is a “high-temperature belt” in the atmosphere, with its center roughly miles above the ground
3 On account of the fact that there is always a resistance due to friction whenever one part of a machine moves over another , some work must be done in moving the parts of the machine itself.
1 The Josephson junction is a thin insulator separating two superconducing
materials,i.e., metals that lose all electrical resistance at temperature near zero.
2 It is very important that a machine element be made of a material that has properties suitable for the condition of service as it is for the loads and stresses to accurately determined.
1.Many man-made substances are replacing certain natural materials because either the quantity of the natural product can not meet our ever-increasing requirement, or, more often, because the physical property of the synthetic substance, which is the common name for man-made materials, has been chosen, and ever emphssized , so that it would be of the greatest use in the fields in which it is to be applied.
這個(gè)句子是由一個(gè)主句（1）either or 連接的兩個(gè)并列的 because 狀語(yǔ)從句，一個(gè)由 so that 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句和which 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句及 in which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句所組成。
2 The issue of the New York Times which hailed the Second International as the authority it which it would adhere and the Third International as a scandal and a betrayal which it would reject used one hundred and fifty-three separate words, phrases, and construction which are listed in the Third International but not in the Second and Third International but not in the Second and nineteen others which are condemned in the Second.
分析：這個(gè)句子實(shí)際上是由四個(gè)并列復(fù)句所組成，它的中心詞就是“New York Times”，中心意思是對(duì)the New York Times 形式評(píng)論，全句包括六個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，比較復(fù)雜。按漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)習(xí)慣，為使全文通順、確切，對(duì)每個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句要分別作為獨(dú)立句子加以翻譯，即采取綜合法翻譯。
1. Computer languages may range from detailed low level close to that immediately understood by the particular computer, to the sophisticated high level which can be rendered automatically acceptable to a wide range of computers.
2. The law of conservation and transformation of energy is the chief basis of physical, astronomical and chemical reasoning as well as of engineering practice.
3. Applied science, on the other hand, is directly concerned with the application of the working laws of pure science to the practical affairs of life, and to increasing man’s control over his environment, thus leading to the development of new techniques, processes and machines.
(1)MIDCOM is now using computer aided design to speed up project development. (2) Many standard heating and pumping configurations are available but for every standard unit there are give special designs deeded. (3) For example, the company reports on a recent glass furnace project for China there was a need to fa a special design proposal to Singapore within 24 hours for receiving the technical data of plant and oil. (4)Computer aided design made this possible and another export order was confirmed.