* 同行肩注不同字母表示差異顯著(P <0.05)。 * Means in the same row with different superscripts letters are significantly different (P <0.05). 3 討論與結(jié)論 甘油三酯和總膽固醇含量的增減可作為脂肪代謝和肝功能指標(biāo),0.6 mg/kg組甘油三酯顯著增加,總膽固醇含量無顯著變化,說明日糧添加包被硒提高了日糧脂類代謝。血糖、白蛋白、總蛋白和尿素氮含量的增減可作為糖和蛋白質(zhì)代謝的指標(biāo),0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg組白蛋白和總蛋白含量顯著增加,0.6 mg/kg組血糖含量顯著增加,尿素氮差異不顯著,說明日糧添加包被硒提高了日糧蛋白質(zhì)和碳水化合物代謝。在氨基酸代謝和蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪及糖三者的轉(zhuǎn)換過程中,轉(zhuǎn)氨酶占有極其重要地位,正常范圍內(nèi)其活性升高或降低均可反映營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)代謝的變化,超出正常范圍均反映肝臟和心臟可能有所損傷,本研究GOT和GPT活性有升高趨勢(shì),0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg組顯著提高,均在正常范圍內(nèi),說明包被硒促進(jìn)了氨基酸代謝和蛋白質(zhì)、脂肪及糖的轉(zhuǎn)變。AKP是軟骨細(xì)胞合成和分泌的一種與骨形成有關(guān)的特異性酶,其活性增高表明軟骨細(xì)胞的分化能力增強(qiáng) [12],本試驗(yàn)中AKP差異不顯著。LDH是體內(nèi)代謝過程中一個(gè)重要的酶,當(dāng)少量組織壞死時(shí)釋放入血而使其在血液中的活力升高,本試驗(yàn)中LDH無顯著變化,說明添加包被硒對(duì)肝未造成損傷。 GSH-px作用是清除H2O2,并將脂質(zhì)過氧化物(ROOH)還原成相應(yīng)醇,從而減輕細(xì)胞膜多不飽和脂肪酸過氧化作用,以及ROOH分解產(chǎn)物引起的細(xì)胞損傷;MDA廣泛作為各種氧自由基損傷機(jī)體的指標(biāo)[13]。本試驗(yàn)0.3 mg/kg和0.6 mg/kg 組GSH-px的活性增強(qiáng),與黃志堅(jiān)、Pehrson等研究結(jié)果一致[13,14];MDA隨著硒添加水平增加而呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢(shì),0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg組差異顯著,說明補(bǔ)硒后,由于GSH-px活性增強(qiáng),體內(nèi)自由基減少,過氧化作用減弱。 血清硒含量反映硒在體內(nèi)的代謝狀況和飼料硒的利用率,血清硒濃度隨日糧硒水平增加而增加,表明飼料硒的吸收增加,體內(nèi)硒的代謝過程旺盛。本試驗(yàn)中隨著日糧硒添加水平的增加,血清硒含量逐漸增加,0.6 mg/kg和0.9 mg/kg組顯著提高。這與其他研究結(jié)果一致[15,16]。 添加包被硒0.6~0.9 mg/kgDM可明顯提高抗氧化能力,并且吸收率最佳。兼顧基礎(chǔ)日糧含硒量,建議以包被硒為硒源時(shí)日糧硒水平為0.67~0.97 mg/kgDM,以0.67 mg/kgDM為佳。 參考文獻(xiàn) [1] 鐘榮珍,李建國(guó),房義,賈文彬,吳志廣. 反芻動(dòng)物硒營(yíng)養(yǎng)研究進(jìn)展. 黃牛雜志, 2005,31(6): 44-46. [2] 何瑩, 李鵬. 微量元素硒的研究進(jìn)展及其對(duì)動(dòng)物健康的影響. 畜禽業(yè), 2006(8): 16-18. [3] 汪水平, 王文娟, 譚支良, 龔月生. 影響反芻動(dòng)物硒、銅生物利用率的因素. 飼料工業(yè), 2004, 25(11): 30-32. [4] Serra A B, Serra S D, Shinchi K, et al. Bioavailability of rumen bacterial selenium in mice using tissue uptake technique. Biological trace element research, 1997, 58(3): 255-261. [5] William P. Weiss. Selenium Sources for Dairy Cattle. Tri-State Dairy Nutrition Conference. May 2 and 3, 2005: 61-71. [6] Pehrson B, Ortman K. A comparative study of selenite and selenium yeast (Sel-Plex 50) as feed supplements for multiparous dairy cows. Lyons T P, Jacques K A. (eds.). Biotechnology in the feed industry: Proceedings of Alltech' s Eleventh Annual Symposium. Nottingham (United Kingdom). Nottingham University Press. 1995: 282-286. [7] Fisher D D. Comparative effects of inorganic and organic selenium sources (selenium yeast) on selenium status of lactating cows. Lyons T P, Jacques K A. (eds.). Biotechnology in the feed industry: Proceedings of Alltech' s Eleventh Annual Symposium. Nottingham (United Kingdom). Nottingham University Press. 1995: 271-281. [8] Pehrson B, Ortman K, Madjid N, Trafikowska U. The influence of dietary selenium as selenium yeast or sodium selenite on the concentration of selenium in the milk of suckler cows and on selenium status of their calves. Journal of Animal Science, 1999, 77(10): 3371-3376. [9] Gunter S A, Beck P A, Phillips J M. Effects of supplementary selenium source on the performance and blood measurements in beef cows and their calves. Journal of Animal Science, 2003, 81(3): 856-864. [10] 馮仰廉. 肉牛營(yíng)養(yǎng)需要和營(yíng)養(yǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn). 北京:中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)出版社. 2000. 19-26. [11] 農(nóng)業(yè)部畜牧獸醫(yī)局(全國(guó)飼料工業(yè)辦公室)編. 飼料工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)匯編(上冊(cè)). 北京:中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)出版社, 2002: 188、229、232. [12] Miao D, Scutt A. Histochemical localization of alkaline phosphatase activity in decalcified bone and cartilage. Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry, 2002, 50(3): 333-340. [13] 黃志堅(jiān),林藩平,邱承亮,羅金木,吳移山. 高硒酵母對(duì)奶牛機(jī)體抗氧化能力的影響. 福建農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào),1999,28(1): 82-85. [14] Pehrson B, Ortman K. A comparative study of selenite and selenium yeast (Sel-Plex 50) as feed supplements for multiparous dairy cows. Lyons T P, Jacques K A. (eds.). Biotechnology in the feed industry: Proceedings of Alltech' s Eleventh Annual Symposium. Nottingham (United Kingdom). Nottingham University Press. 1995: 282-286. [15] Pehrson B, Ortman K, Madjid N, Trafikowska U. The influence of dietary selenium as selenium yeast or sodium selenite on the concentration of selenium in the milk of suckler cows and on selenium status of their calves. Journal of Animal Science, 1999, 77(10): 3371-3376. [16] Gunter S A, Beck P A, Phillips J M. Effects of supplementary selenium source on the performance and blood measurements in beef cows and their calves. Journal of Animal Science, 2003, 81(3): 856-864. Effects of dietary rumen-by-pass selenium supplementation on serum physico-chemical parameters in Simmental steers 作者簡(jiǎn)介:劉強(qiáng)(1971-),男,副教授,博士,研究方向:反芻動(dòng)物營(yíng)養(yǎng)。作者: michaelhe 時(shí)間: 2010-9-1 15:16
很好的資料,謝謝LZ的慷慨分享,保留,備用作者: qiaoli231 時(shí)間: 2010-9-1 15:21
可以問一下嗎?有沒有和酵母硒一塊比較著看看??!作者: zqf823 時(shí)間: 2010-9-3 16:23
很好的資料作者: songredondo 時(shí)間: 2010-9-28 10:26
包被硒是什么產(chǎn)品?又是新東西啊,硒是多少價(jià)態(tài)?用什么包被?