奶牛肥胖綜合癥

monica

奶牛肥胖綜合癥Fat Cow Syndrome (Fatty Liver Syndrome)
                                                                Prepared by: Dr. Terry Hunt
病因/發(fā)病機理                 Cause & Pathogenesis
•        體脂代謝過度，肝內(nèi)貯藏
Mobilization of excessive quantities of fat from body stores that is then deposited in the liver
•        泌乳早期對能量需求突然增加
Caused by sudden demand for energy in early lactation dairy cows
•        低發(fā)病率高死亡率
Low morbidity but high mortality

危險因素                        Risk Factors
•        最大化泌乳量時的管理操作
Management practices aimed at maximizing milk yield/cow
•        產(chǎn)犢時體況評分4分以上
Cows with a body condition score of over 4 at calving
•        其它圍產(chǎn)期疾病導致飼料攝入量下降
Other peri-parturient diseases resulting in a sudden decrease in feed intake

臨床癥狀                        Clinical Findings
•        僅在產(chǎn)犢后出現(xiàn)
Occurs just after calving
•        既往史并發(fā)病如胎衣滯留/產(chǎn)褥熱
Usually a history of concurrent disease such as retained placenta or Milk fever
•        食欲廢絕
Complete anorexia
•        體重下降快
Rapid weight loss
•        奶產(chǎn)量突然下降
Sudden decrease in milk production
•        臥地、漸進性消瘦
Weakness progressing to recumbency
•        重癥酮病
Severe ketosis
•        有時目光呆滯
Staring gaze and opisthotonus in some
•        心動過速和昏迷
Terminal tachycardia and coma
•        7-10天內(nèi)死亡                Death in 7-10 days

實驗結(jié)果                        Laboratory Findings       
•        低血糖、酮尿、酮血癥
Hypoglycemia, ketonemia and ketonuria
•        膽紅素和肝酶水平上升
Elevated serum bilirubin and liver enzymes

尸解                                        Post Mortem       
•        肝腫大、蒼白、易碎
Liver grossly enlarged, pale and friable
•        有多種并發(fā)癥
There may be concurrent disease

診斷                                Diagnosis
•        依據(jù)臨床癥狀和排除其它疾病
Based on clinical signs and rule-out of other diseases
•        實驗室結(jié)果對診斷有幫助
•        Laboratory results are helpful

鑒別診斷                        Differential Diagnosis
•        皺胃移位
Abomasal displacement
•        酮病
Ketosis
•        倒地不起綜合癥
Downer cow syndrome

治療                                Treatment
•        監(jiān)護預后情況
Prognosis is guarded at best
•        每天靜注50%右旋葡萄糖500mL
Intravenous glucose – 500 ml of 50% dextrose daily
•        全身靜脈補液+口服電解質(zhì)
Intensive intravenous fluids plus balanced electrolytes orally
•        皮質(zhì)類固醇，每隔兩天注射20mg地塞米松
Corticosteroids – 20 mg of Dexamethasone every 2nd day
•        口服丙二醇
225ml Oral propylene glycol – 225 ml bid
•        瘤胃液接種
Rumen fluid transplants

預防                                Prevention & Control
•        干奶期避免過肥
Avoid over-fat cows during the dry period
•        使用體況評分管理牛群
Utilize BCS to sort cows into management groups
•        干奶期使用優(yōu)質(zhì)草料
Use good quality forage during dry period